Long term organ damage is likely in survivors. Symptomatic and supportive treatment is available. While there is no known antidote, the US military has developed a vaccine. Ricin is 6000 times more toxic than cyanide and 12000 times more poisonous than rattlesnake venom by weight. Ricin is poisonous if inhaled, injected, or ingested, acting as a toxin by the inhibition of protein synthesis. 7.1 Assassination of Bulgarian Dissident Georgi Markov, London 1978.5 Use as a chemical/biological warfare agent.The first symptoms of inhaling ricin include difficulty breathing, chest tightness, and a cough, and rapidly progress to respiratory failure. The first symptoms of ingested ricin include nausea and vomiting, which rapidly progress to kidney and liver failure. Most notably, in 1978, Bulgarian journalist Georgi Markov died from ricin poisoning after another man (possibly a KGB agent) used an umbrella to shoot the toxin into his leg. Allswede, a toxicologist at the Center for Biosecurity at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, told the New York Times in 2006 that a “speck of pure ricin the size of a grain of salt is enough to kill if it is injected or swallowed.” Exposure is often fatal and occurs within days. And the tiniest amount is all that’s needed to be fatal. Ricin comes in several forms, including powder, mist, and pellets. Not only is it easy to obtain a recipe for ricin, it’s also easy to obtain all the needed ingredients and materials to make it. The plant grows wild all over the United States and is also grown in gardens. Castor bean seeds are widely available online. The entire process can be done in your kitchen, with everyday materials such as coffee filters, mason jars, and solvents found at hardware stores.
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